Many plant species were "discovered" by European plant explorers in this region and were then introduced to the rest of the world. Most of the areas in South America fall into the tropical or subtropical zones. Plants throughout this region have been spread throughout the world for both landscape and greenhouse (indoor) use.

Within a genus of plants, some species may originate from one or several parts of the world. So, a plant listed here may also be "native" to other regions. Some plants that originated from South America include:

 

 
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